Staging for Cancer of the Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinuses
See Staging for general staging rules. Particular tumor stages for the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses are as follows:
| TX: | Primary tumor cannot be assessed. |
| T0: | No existence of primary tumor. |
| Tis: | Carcinoma in situ (early cancer that has not spread to neighboring tissues). |
| T1: | Tumor limited to antral mucosa with no erosion or destruction of bone. |
| T2: | Tumor with erosion of the infrastructure including the hard palate and/or middle nasal meatus. |
| T3: | Tumor invades any of the following: skin of cheek, posterior wall of maxillary sinus, floor or medial wall of orbit, anterior ethmoid sinus. |
| T4: | Tumor invades orbital contents and/or any of the following: cribriform plate, posterior ethmoid or sphenoid sinuses, nasopharynx, soft palate, temporal fossae, pterygomaxillary fossae or base of skull. |
