PrintA device called a transducer is passed over the chest, directing high-frequency sound waves (ultrasound) at the heart. The sound waves are reflected back to the transducer and electronically converted into images displayed on a viewing monitor. The images can also be saved on film or video and then examined for abnormalities. Transthoracic echocardiography often includes three different techniques: M-mode, which provides a one-dimensional, vertical view of the heart; two-dimensional, which produces a cross-sectional view of cardiac structures; and color flow Doppler imaging, which gives a picture of blood flow.
Purpose of the Transthoracic Echocardiography
- To obtain images of the heart by directing high-frequency sound waves from a transducer onto the chest and abdomen
- To detect and evaluate heart conditions, including heart valve abnormalities, congenital heart defects, cardiomyopathy, atrial tumors, and pericardial effusions (excessive fluid around the heart)
- To measure the size of the heart’s chambers
- To assess cardiac function and heart wall motion after a heart attack
- To evaluate the function of the heart’s pumping chambers and valves and detect abnormal fluid near your heart
Who Performs Transthoracic Echocardiography
- A doctor, a nurse, or a technician trained in ultrasound
Special Concerns about Transthoracic Echocardiography
- This test may not produce accurate results in people who are obese or who have thick chests, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or chest wall abnormalities. Transesophageal echocardiography may be a better option for such patients.
Before the Transthoracic Echocardiography
- Immediately before the test, remove your clothing and jewelry above the waist and change into a hospital gown.
What You Experience during Transthoracic Echocardiography
- After you lie on an examination table, a water-soluble gel is applied to your chest to allow better transmission of the sound waves.
- The examiner places the transducer on your chest and applies some pressure while guiding it over specific areas of your chest.
- You may be repositioned during the procedure and asked to breathe in a certain way.
- The procedure is painless and usually takes about 45 minutes.
Risks and Complications
- Ultrasound is painless, noninvasive, and involves no exposure to radiation. There are no associated risks.
After the Transthoracic Echocardiography
- The examiner removes the gel from your chest, after which you may leave and resume your normal activities.
Results of Transthoracic Echocardiography
- The doctor will examine the recorded images and other test data for any evidence of a cardiac abnormality.
- If a definitive diagnosis can be made, appropriate treatment will be started.
- In some cases, more invasive tests, such as cardiac catheterization, may be needed to further evaluate abnormal results.
Source:
The Johns Hopkins Consumer Guide to Medical Tests
Simeon Margolis, M.D., Ph.D., Medical Editor
Updated by Remedy Health Media
